Terrastrom Solutions

Open-Access Sizing — Detailed Report

Sample Industries Limited (illustration)

Industrial area, Maharashtra

TS-SAMPLE rev 1 · Prepared for Illustration only · Issued 2026-09-23 · Tariff Studio v0.8.1

1. Data basis and data-quality notes

Every interval in this dataset is tagged MODELLED — none of it is metered data. The consumption shape is reconstructed, not measured, so treat the figures as an illustration of the method rather than a reading of this site. Generation is a reference profile standing in until the site’s own resource data is available — so the figures below demonstrate the method on this load, and are not numbers to contract on.
Consumption siteSample factory, Maharashtra
Solar siteReference solar profile
Wind siteReference wind profile
Contract demand1500 kVA
Power factor0.98
Annual consumption (reference year)60.00 lakh kWh
Months covered12
State / structureMH, third party open access
Solar reference yield1086.0 kWh/kW/yr
Wind reference yield3202.2 kWh/kW/yr
PPA tariff — solarRs 3.0000/kWh
PPA tariff — windRs 3.4000/kWh

Warnings the engine raised on this run, in its own words:

2. Methodology and assumptions

Every figure in this report — sweep points, the recommendation and the final bill — comes from the same full day-typed annual billing simulation: each year is built month by month, each month from its own real day-types, each day-type dispatched block by block against the state’s open-access rules. Nothing here is estimated from a single representative day.

Discount rate (consumer WACC)10%/yr
DISCOM tariff escalation3%/yr
Open-access charge escalation3%/yr
Term25 years
Battery levelised costRs 2.5000/kWh cycled
Banking charge overriderules pack default

Sweep configuration: solar 0–12 MW in 3 MW steps; wind 0–12 MW in 3 MW steps; storage 0–4 MW in 2 MW steps on top of the Stage 2 winner.

3. Stage 1 — solar-only diagnostic

A sweep of solar capacity alone, backed by the grid, before wind is introduced. It does not feed Stage 2 — Stage 2 re-sweeps both together from the original case — it exists to show what solar alone could do.

Best solar-only size3 MW
25-year NPVRs 8.87 Cr
Year-1 savingRs 63.74 L
Bill at this sizeRs 673.70 L
Grid-only bill (reference)Rs 737.44 L

Solar alone stands up on this load: both 25-year NPV and Year-1 saving are positive at its best size, before wind or storage are considered.

4. Stage 2 — solar and wind combined

A sweep over solar and wind capacity together, both backed by the grid. The mix reported is the NPV-maximising cell in the swept grid.

Best mix (Stage 2)3 MW solar
25-year NPV (before storage)Rs 8.87 Cr
Bill at this mixRs 673.70 L
Grid-only bill (reference)Rs 737.44 L
Grid drawal at this mix31,37,719 kWh

5. Stage 3 — storage sizing

Battery power and duration swept on top of the Stage 2 mix.

Worthwhile?Yes
Best storage size2 MW / 2h
Incremental NPV from storageRs 1.57 Cr
Baseline 25-year NPV (no storage)Rs 8.87 Cr
Bill with storage addedRs 650.11 L

Storage improves on the Stage 2 mix, though it is the smaller of the two effects here.

6. Recommended configuration — full results

Recommended mix3 MW solar + 2 MW / 2h battery storage
25-year NPVRs 10.44 Cr
Year-1 savingRs 78.67 L
Year-1 bill with this mixRs 650.11 L
Grid-only bill (no open access at all)Rs 737.44 L
Effective tariff, this mixRs 10.8357/kWh
Effective tariff, grid-onlyRs 12.2912/kWh
Renewable share of consumption47.6%

7. Annual cost-line breakdown

Printed in the engine’s own line names so the report can be reconciled against a real invoice line by line.

LineUnits (annual)Amount (Rs)% of bill
PPA energy - SOLAR30,81,91592,45,74614.2%
PPA energy - WIND—00.0%
Wheeling charge25,69,08419,01,1222.9%
Transmission charge25,69,08429,28,7564.5%
Wheeling charge (MSEDCL supply)32,06,40723,72,7413.6%
Cross-Subsidy Surcharge25,17,70225,17,7023.9%
Additional Surcharge25,17,7027,55,3111.2%
Tax on sale31,42,2798,76,6961.3%
Banking charge (in-kind)1,28900.0%
Grid energy (ToD retail)32,06,4072,99,27,38546.0%
Fuel adjustment (MSEDCL supply)32,06,4079,61,9221.5%
Electricity duty—24,94,6543.8%
Electricity duty on open-access units2,49,71,49518,72,8622.9%
Demand charge13,50081,00,00012.5%
Fixed open-access fees—2,46,0000.4%
Electricity duty on demand81,00,0006,07,5000.9%
Electricity duty on OA demand27,07,2002,03,0400.3%
Lapsed banked energy5,40700.0%
Total bill6,50,11,437100.0%

8. Monthly bill vs grid-only

Monthly bill with renewables against grid-onlyWith renewablesGrid only020406080With renewables Jan: 54With renewables Feb: 51With renewables Mar: 55With renewables Apr: 55With renewables May: 56With renewables Jun: 55With renewables Jul: 54With renewables Aug: 54With renewables Sep: 55With renewables Oct: 51With renewables Nov: 53With renewables Dec: 57Grid only Jan: 63Grid only Feb: 59Grid only Mar: 65Grid only Apr: 64Grid only May: 64Grid only Jun: 60Grid only Jul: 58Grid only Aug: 59Grid only Sep: 61Grid only Oct: 58Grid only Nov: 61Grid only Dec: 65JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Both bars are the same month’s bill for the same load. Axis in Rs lakh; the gap is what the renewables saved that month.
MonthBill with this mix (Rs L)Grid-only (Rs L)
Jan53.9562.78
Feb51.0759.50
Mar54.6764.94
Apr55.3864.36
May55.6863.86
Jun54.8660.05
Jul53.6658.39
Aug54.0659.01
Sep54.9160.59
Oct51.4058.41
Nov53.3360.60
Dec57.1464.94

The recommended mix bills lower than grid-only supply in every month of the year.

9. Monthly consumption — renewables against grid

Monthly consumption: renewables against gridFrom renewablesFrom grid0.02.04.06.0From renewables Jan: 2.6From renewables Feb: 2.5From renewables Mar: 3.0From renewables Apr: 2.8From renewables May: 2.6From renewables Jun: 2.0From renewables Jul: 1.9From renewables Aug: 1.9From renewables Sep: 2.1From renewables Oct: 2.4From renewables Nov: 2.3From renewables Dec: 2.5From grid Jan: 2.5From grid Feb: 2.3From grid Mar: 2.4From grid Apr: 2.5From grid May: 2.6From grid Jun: 2.9From grid Jul: 2.8From grid Aug: 2.9From grid Sep: 2.8From grid Oct: 2.3From grid Nov: 2.6From grid Dec: 2.8JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
The two parts add to that month’s consumption. Axis in lakh kWh. A month where the green band is short is a month the plant did not cover, which is what the grid-only bar in the previous chart is paying for.

10. 25-year saving trajectory

25-year saving trajectoryDiscounted saving that yearCumulative NPV020406080Discounted saving that year Y1: 72Discounted saving that year Y2: 69Discounted saving that year Y3: 66Discounted saving that year Y4: 63Discounted saving that year Y5: 60Discounted saving that year Y6: 57Discounted saving that year Y7: 54Discounted saving that year Y8: 52Discounted saving that year Y9: 49Discounted saving that year Y10: 47Discounted saving that year Y11: 44Discounted saving that year Y12: 42Discounted saving that year Y13: 40Discounted saving that year Y14: 37Discounted saving that year Y15: 35Discounted saving that year Y16: 33Discounted saving that year Y17: 31Discounted saving that year Y18: 30Discounted saving that year Y19: 28Discounted saving that year Y20: 26Discounted saving that year Y21: 25Discounted saving that year Y22: 23Discounted saving that year Y23: 22Discounted saving that year Y24: 21Discounted saving that year Y25: 19Cumulative NPV Y1: 0.7Cumulative NPV Y2: 1.4Cumulative NPV Y3: 2.1Cumulative NPV Y4: 2.7Cumulative NPV Y5: 3.3Cumulative NPV Y6: 3.9Cumulative NPV Y7: 4.4Cumulative NPV Y8: 4.9Cumulative NPV Y9: 5.4Cumulative NPV Y10: 5.9Cumulative NPV Y11: 6.3Cumulative NPV Y12: 6.7Cumulative NPV Y13: 7.1Cumulative NPV Y14: 7.5Cumulative NPV Y15: 7.9Cumulative NPV Y16: 8.2Cumulative NPV Y17: 8.5Cumulative NPV Y18: 8.8Cumulative NPV Y19: 9.1Cumulative NPV Y20: 9.3Cumulative NPV Y21: 9.6Cumulative NPV Y22: 9.8Cumulative NPV Y23: 10.0Cumulative NPV Y24: 10.2Cumulative NPV Y25: 10.40.05.010.015.0Y1Y4Y7Y10Y13Y16Y19Y22Y25
Bars are that year’s saving in today’s money — left axis, Rs lakh. The line is the running total, which is the NPV — right axis, Rs crore. The line flattening means later years are being discounted away, not that the saving stops.
YearAnnual saving (Rs L)Discounted (Rs L)Cumulative NPV (Rs Cr)
Y178.6771.510.72
Y283.1368.701.40
Y387.5965.812.06
Y492.0662.882.69
Y596.5259.933.29
Y6100.9857.003.86
Y7105.9254.354.40
Y8110.8551.714.92
Y9115.7949.115.41
Y10120.7246.545.88
Y11125.6644.046.32
Y12131.0841.766.73
Y13136.4939.547.13
Y14141.9137.377.50
Y15147.3335.277.86
Y16152.7533.248.19
Y17158.7531.418.50
Y18164.7429.638.80
Y19170.7327.929.08
Y20176.7326.279.34
Y21182.7224.699.59
Y22189.2823.259.82
Y23195.8321.8710.04
Y24202.3920.5510.24
Y25208.9419.2810.44

Annual saving rises across the term as the grid tariff escalates against a flat PPA rate.

11. 25-year NPV by configuration

25-year NPV by configuration0.05.010.015.0NPV of the saving Solar only: 8.9NPV of the saving Solar + wind: 8.9NPV of the saving Solar + wind + storage: 10.4Solar onlySolar + windSolar + wind + storage
Each bar is a configuration this run actually costed, in the order it considered them. The last one is the recommendation. Axis in Rs crore. A bar that does not clear the one before it is the run telling you the extra technology was not worth its cost.

The sweep evaluates these in sequence — solar first, then wind on top of it, then storage on top of that — so each bar is the best that stage could do, not an arbitrary mix.

12. Cumulative discounted saving

Cumulative discounted saving over 25 years0.05.010.015.0Recommended Y1: 0.7Recommended Y2: 1.4Recommended Y3: 2.1Recommended Y4: 2.7Recommended Y5: 3.3Recommended Y6: 3.9Recommended Y7: 4.4Recommended Y8: 4.9Recommended Y9: 5.4Recommended Y10: 5.9Recommended Y11: 6.3Recommended Y12: 6.7Recommended Y13: 7.1Recommended Y14: 7.5Recommended Y15: 7.9Recommended Y16: 8.2Recommended Y17: 8.5Recommended Y18: 8.8Recommended Y19: 9.1Recommended Y20: 9.3Recommended Y21: 9.6Recommended Y22: 9.8Recommended Y23: 10.0Recommended Y24: 10.2Recommended Y25: 10.4Y1Y4Y7Y10Y13Y16Y19Y22Y25
Axis in Rs crore. This is the recommended configuration’s saving accumulating year by year — the point at which the curve stops rising steeply is where discounting starts to outweigh the later savings.

13. Notes for the next iteration